African American Literature Essay Example for Free

African American Literature EssayAfrican American books has a strong deeply rooted background in the hi legend of America, thus giving the writers categorized in this genre a strong kernel to convey in any trading floor they chose to tell. From tragic life moments to happy life moments, the writers gestate the ability to tell their story in a categorisation of methods. This canon of literature serves as a diary for the African American community. All of the literary works that compile this genre reflect the many twists and turns a collective group of persons must endure while struggling to achieve a place in history. The following discussion of three historically real African American stories reflects the struggles one race of persons had to endure on their journey throughout various time periods in America. The Short Stories In the short story, My gabardine Folks Tr eat oned us Good by Mariah Hines the author describes in first person account of a situation when African A merican slaves were set well in comparison to the stories of detestation, rape, and neglect most persons are accustom to reading from this era.The slaves never went hungry, always had clothes to wear, were qualified to work under their protest accord, always treated with respect, and were told to take Sundays off while also being encouraged to attend church on Sundays. The slaves were in fact treated so well that when they were free to leave, they choose to remain at their former masters farm and continued working for him. Hines concluded the Master continued to can his former slaves. Hines stated Master helped us much as he could. Some of us he gave a cow or mule or anything he could spare to help us (p. 34). Moving forward in time, the short story Sweat by Zora Neale Hurston describes a situation of domestic abuse in a long term relationship between a wife, Delia Jones, and her husband, Sykes Jones. Sykes enjoyed torturing Delia, he would find ways to make her job as a washw oman more difficult by kicking the clothes across the room or by scaring her with ways related to her fear of snakes. Sykes enjoyed fighting he in fact enjoyed it so much so that he intentionally picked fights with Delia. This type of torture strained their marriage to the point of near silence on a daily basis.Sykes thought it to be a good idea to bring a rattlesnake into their home. The rattlesnake got lose in the home, Delia was able to make it outside the home but Sykes remained in the home and was attacked in their bedroom. Sykes yelled to Delia for help and comfort, but she was unable to come to him related to fear. Delia finally walked to the door, but overdue to the nature of his injuries and the distance to the doctor she understood he would not make it through this attack, therefore she allowed him to pass in their backyard.She could scarcely reach the chinaberry tree, where she waited in the growing heat while inside she knew the cold river was creeping up and up to ext inguish that eye which much known by now that she knew (p. 108). This story shows how those who choose to abuse others always pay for those actions in the end. Alice Walker wrote the story Nineteen Fifty-Five, about a young white singer, Traynor, who purchased a song from a young African American woman, Gracie Mae, and went on to become famous after recording and releasing his own version. His version of Gracie Maes song continued to eat away at Gracie Mae for the rest of her life.It did not have the same meaning, nor was it loved by his fans for the same reasons she hoped it would be. The fans loved Traynor, not the song. Traynor continued to keep in come through with Gracie Mae throughout his time in the army, touring, marriages, and divorces. Then towards after many years, contact stopped and Traynor was found dead after 15 wives and a troubled lane in the end. Gracie Mae lived vicariously through Traynor and his portrayal of her song. Gracie Mae herself lived quite happily th rough the birth of many children, the divorce and/or death of three husbands, the showering of gifts from Traynor, and his ultimate death.Gracie Mae did have a connection to Traynor that flowed deeper than her song. One night I dreamed Traynor has split up with his fifteenth wife p. 297). Due to the stereotypes and prejudices of this time period Gracie Mae and Traynor were never able to express the emotional connection they felt between each other. Common Literary Conventions Literary conventions and themes were similar in the stories connotations, culture, undertones, and main characters were alike. The three stories were written in first person and portrayed a personal struggle endured by each main character.The main character was always female, strong, and independent in contrastive way. The stories span three different periods of time, yet still reflecting similar struggles in very different settings. These conventions are important when connecting the messages of these storie s. Each has a story of struggle, almost are internal while others are outward, and each woman must find inner strength to change or cope with their situations. Beginning with My exsanguine Folks Treated us Good, this story was historically important in relation to conveying the happiness that could be found in such a dire situation as slavery.Hines showed not all slavery conditions were adverse or abusive there was still the possibility of enjoying life, and gaining independence by getting the break needed, such as the freeing of all slaves, to make ones own life better. In Sweat, Hurstson was able write a story about a woman able to persevere in a dreadful situation of both mental and physical abuse. During this time in history, women were not able to be independent and outspoken due to a fear of judgment or increased abuse.Delia was given the peril to be free from the abuses of Sykes and took that chance by allowing him to die from his injuries, thus resulting in her freedom. Following in the same suit, Nineteen Fifty-Five expressed the internal struggle of a womans desire to be understood and independent. Gracie Mae wanted to sing her own song and live her own life, without connection to a version of her song that did not match the original intent. Gracie Mae was happy with her life, but was never free from what the release of her song brought to her life. Conclusion Culturally, these stories are important to all Americans.The historical significance of these stories and the fierceness on equality places a connotation of acceptance and availability of equal opportunity to all persons regardless of color, social class, age, race, gender, or personal situation. African Americans are able to tell their personal stories of struggles and triumphs through literature. This literature is a valuable tool for all persons wanting to educate themselves about significant times in American history. References Young, A. (1996). African American Literature A brief In troduction and Anthology. New York, New York HarperCollins College Publishers.

Tools and Decision Making for Ongoing Performance Essay Example for Free

Tools and stopping point Making for Ongoing Performance EssayIn this presentation, Learning group B will discuss common problems encountered in the hospital, ways in which finalitys atomic number 18 made dealing with risk and lumber management issues. We will let a scenario and forget our advice on how to decrease the transmission of hospital acquired infections.Then we will discuss ch onlyenges the team faced while completing this assignment. Encountered problems with Hospital conclusiveness Making (Felicia) Acquired Information for Decision Making (Felicia) Common Decision Making Tools (Felicia)Challenges that may be encountered in risk and quality management (Mom) Waiting until the stand firm minute and then not having enough time to hasten an informed decision is not only a risk in any shaping it is a quality issue also. When individuals argon rushed they tend to make mistakes or overlook important development that may be needed to make decisions. If one misses important breeding the quality of service may be affected. Not using a well thought out method to when decision making may lead to the wrong action or measure universe taken.For example, if a nurse has a patient with a pressure ulcer and the nurse has no guide marches or routine that is enforced for this type of pressure ulcer then the treatment that the nurse gives may not be the best for the patient. When one makes a decision one must use the information available to make the best possible decision for the best outcome. If the information available is not accurate then the wrong decision could be made. This is not only a risk but it may decrease the quality of the organization as well.Strategies that should be fitting to improve ongoing performance (Sonya) One suffer measure the quality of health care by notice its structure, processes, and outcomes. Structure measures assess the accessibility, availability, and quality of resources, such as health insurance, bed capacity of a hospital, and number of nurses with advanced training. Process measures assess the delivery of health care services by clinicians and providers, such as using guidelines for care of diabetic patients. Outcome measures indicate the final result of health care and can be find outd by environmental and behavioral factors.Examples admit mortality, patient satisfaction, and improved health status. Decision making process cocksuckers (Mar) FMEA- A step-by-step approach for identifying all possible failures in a product or service. Best utilize to take actions to eliminate or reduce failures. Flow Chart- A picture of set out steps of a process in sequential order. This is used to study a process for improvement. To communicate to others how a process is done. Causeand-effect diagram- A tool that helps identify, sort, and display possible causes of a specific problem or quality characteristic.It graphically illustrates the relationship between a given outcome and all factors that in fluence the outcome. Helps determine the root causes of a problem or quality characteristic using a structured approach. Increases knowledge of the process by helping everyone to jibe more about the factors at work and how they relate. Check sheet- A structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data. A generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes. When collecting data on the frequency or patterns of events, problems, defects, defect location, defect causes, etc.Control chart- A graph used to study how processes change over time. When determining whether your quality improvement project should aim to prevent specific problems or to make fundamental changes to the process. Histogram Most commonly used graph to show frequency distributions. Frequency distributions show how often each different valuate in a set data occurs. When analyzing whether a process can meet the customers requirements. When seeing whether a process change has occurred from one time period to another. When you wish to communicate the distribution of data promptly and easily to others.Pareto chart A bar graph. The lengths of the bars represent frequency or cost (time or money) and are arranged with longest bars on the left and shortest on the right. The chart visually depicts which situations are more significant. When there are many problems or causes and you want to focus on the more or less significant. Analyzing ample causes by looking at their specific components. Run chart Display process performance over time. Detect special causes of variations. * Scatter diagram Graphs pairs of quantitative data with one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship between them.If the variables are correlated, the points will fall along a line or curve. The better the correlation the tighter the points will hug the line. When numerical data is paired. When your dependent variable may have multiple values for each value of your independent variable. When trying to figure out whether two variables are related. Scenario (Sonya) ABC organization has noticed an increase in patients who have acquired infections while receiving care and service. In fact, there seems to be so many different types of infections that the organization does not know where to start.With your guidance, the organization will be able to identify infections and the number of infections per socio-economic class throughout the facility to determine the vital few and focus their efforts on the few areas that will bring about the greatest return on investing of time and effort. The organization needs to identify which infections affect the most patients. Information needed (mom) This is a check sheet that shows what information is needed to identify the types of infections that are being acquired in the hospital.One the infection is identified then one must find the prevalence of the infection. Who is being infected, how are they being infected, how to treat the infection and so on and so forth. This check sheet will let the hospital know all the information needed to decrease the rate of infections. wherefore the process (MAR) The check sheet is one of the tools of choice because it enables the hospital to find out which patients are affected, when and where the infection may be coming from and other information needed to stop the spread of infection.A cause-and-effect diagram was chosen because it shows the cause of infections so that we can come up with a plan and enforce flowing plans to decrease the likely hood that the infection will occur. The Pareto Chart gives the hospital a way to tract the infection and how much the infections will cost the hospital. Decision (Mom) The reason that we have chosen each process is because these processes give the hospital a way to identify the types of infection and the ways in which the infections are being transported to the patients.They will identify which units are having the most infection rates so th at we will know who needs reinforcement with infection control. This will track what infections are occurring so that infection control policies can be updated in a timely fashion to help minimize infection occurrence. Changes (MAR) Changes of the results that we are finding include but are not limited to the decrease of nosocomial infections. They will make the staff more aware of infection control. This will also give the hospital ample opportunity to retrain staff that are not up to par or are noncompliant with infection control policies. report (Mom) Quality of service is a major issue in health care. The plans that are in place are meant to identify infections. Identify units that are most affected. The patients are our main priority. This will tell us what type of patients are more likely to get the infection. We want to decrease the number of infections that occur by reinforcing the infection control policies. This will increase patient safety and patient satisfaction which w ill save the hospital money in the long run.Challenges (Mar)The challenges that our team faced while completing the assignment were time restraints. We all have different schedules and time availability. We have learned to adapt so that the assignment is end in a timely fashion. We also realized that we need to communicate precisely what each of our parts in assignment should be. The most important social function that we found challenging was interpreting what exactly the assignment requirements were. We will be sure to make sure we ask questions if we need clarification in the future.

French novels: Proust

french novels ProustMARCEL PROUSTWe dont receive wisdom we must disc everyplace it for ourselves after a journey that no singleness can take for us or spare us. marcel ProustINTRODUCTION The concept of novel had become extremely well defined towards the end of the ordinal century. Along with other langu epochs, French novels were also slowly becoming extremely popular. One of the chief pi whizers of French novels was wave Proust. In a measure of literary resurgence in the continent of Europe, marcel Proust played a vital role in bringing about a rise in French literatures uniform value on the literary market. marcel Proust was a prolific writer who succeeded in grasping Frances cultural and its enormous literary significance. Coming from a fuddled Jewish bourgeois family, he had to face a lot of personal losses which became a central bag in his writings. Having become a chronic invalid at a very young age, he was confined to lead a morose, depressing life. disdain these odds he managed to keep up with his social and literary acquaintances. Most people who met him or spoke with him thought him to be eccentric. Most of his literary plant were a representation of his memories. He converted the treasure-house of his gloomy and haunting memories into a composition of classy literature. When it came to writing, he thought of himself to be the sole creator, a theology who brought the very richness of his enchanted stream of memory to life by penning it on a piece of paper. So what made Marcel Proust a legend in the field of literature? What were the obstacles he had to face before becoming the famous author the world knows today? Let us go back in time and witness the making of Marcel Proust.A GENIUS IS BORN In the beautiful city of Paris, France, Adrien and Jeanne Proust welcomed a beautiful bungle boy into their prosperous household on 10th July 1871. The baby was named Marcel Proust by his parents. Marcels father, Adrien was a ren experienceed physi cian and his wife, Jeanne was from a wealthy Jewish family. Marcel was a sickly child as he kept falling sick at regular intervals. In 1880 at the dictation age of 9, he suffered from a strange provided severe state of breathlessness. Worried, his father used his medical skills on his son and realised that Marcel was asthmatic. medication wasnt as advanced as it is today and so his medication did not allow him to play with the other children like a normal child. Upon exerting also much energy he would suffer from breathlessness at regular intervals. Thus he spent most of his time at home and as a result Marcel suffered from depression. In order to rid Marcel of his depression his parents would often send him to Auteuil on holidays or at seaside resorts in Normandy where his maternal grandmother lived. While on vacation, Marcel would spend much of his time reading and trying to write his induce thoughts in the form of a short story or poems.EARLY YEARS He attended a school calle d Lyce Condorcet and wrote various articles for class magazines. However, as fate would endure it, his education was disrupted receivable to him falling ill frequently. Marcel was very fond of his mother, Jeanne and was attached to her. Jeanne saw the passion her son had towards writing. She herself was well read and literate and would often write letters which demonstrated a well developed sense of humour. She also had a very strong command over the face language and guided Marcel in translations. She wanted Marcel to finish his graduation and so she also athletic supportered him with his studies and Marcel finally graduated in 1890 at the age of 19. In spite of poor health, 19 years old Marcel decided to enter the military. He was enlisted in the French army and was stationed at the Coligny Barracks in Orlans. This prove to be quite an experience for Marcel as he learnt the importance of discipline and comradeship. Before joining the army, Marcel was often considered to be a snob due to his lavish lifestyle but after returning from the army in 1893 at the age of 22, Marcel was a changed man. He was more disciplined and social towards people. Upon his return from the army he studied at the School of Political Sciences and acquired licenses in law in 1893 and literature in 1895. In the beginning of 1895, Marcel spent several years reading and researching the unravels of art critic and patron, John Ruskin. This helped Marcel in refining his own theories of art and philosophy. Marcel then set out to translate two of Ruskins works into French but he constantly faced problems since side wasnt his commencement exercise language. So, to overcome this obstacle he made his translations a group affair. He besidesk the help of his friend Reynaldo Hahn and his cousin who was British and got his translation polished. Marcel would often visit Madame Straus bourgeois make it-togethers and would observe the behaviour of people. Madame Straus was Marcels mothers frie nd, and so she had no problems with Marcel attending her private parties. These visits proved fruitful as Marcel treated the people at these parties as character subjects who would later serve as sources of inspiration in Marcels short stories. In 1896 at the age of 25, Marcel produce Pleasures and Days which was a collection of short stories he had written during his stint in the army. In 1897, French society and politics were split by the movement to liberate Jewish army officer Alfred Dreyfus who was unjustly imprisoned as a spy. 26 years old Marcel knew this was false and having a Jewish background, he decided to revolt against the government and fight for Dreyfus freedom. Marcel helped by assisting Dreyfus lawyer in organizing petitions asking for Dreyfus to be freed. Many of his friends warned him that his actions would lead to social banishment but Marcel defied the risk of ostracism courageously. This experience provided a sense of clarity and Marcels impression of the aris tocratic society was shattered which became very visible in the short stories that he had written. Through these experiences Marcel was gradually evolving from an egotistical imbruted youngster to a mature prolific writer.TROUBLED ROAD TO SUCCESS Marcel led a very depressing childhood due to constant illness and asthma. However, he never gave up hope and continued to pursue literature. But, the early 1900s proved to be very difficult for Marcel personally. In February 1903 when Marcel was 32 years old, his brother, Robert Proust married and left the family home. Following Roberts departure, his father died in November of the same year. This was very difficult for Marcel as he was the nevertheless person responsible for the familys well being. However, things took a turn for the worse when Marcels beloved mother died in September 1905. Marcels emotional armour was smashed and his courage crushed. Marcel went into severe depression following Jeannes death. His health continued to de teriorate and Marcel knew that the only mood he could get over his mothers death was if he involved himself completely into the field of writing. A year later in 1906 35 years old Marcel went on to publish the translated version of Ruskins philosophies. The book was named Sesame and Lilies and was well appreciated by the French masses. The critics lauded Marcels skill of translating the language and yet staying true to the philosophies of Ruskin. Marcel developed a hauntingly brooding personality after his mothers death. In spite of the victory of his translated works, he had forgotten what it meant to smile. The loss of his loved ones had left him grief stricken and alone but financially independent to attempt his novel. The year 1908 was a diametric year for Marcel as a writer. He published his views and ideologies and imitations of other writers in various journals. Imitating other writers works helped Marcel in solidifying his own style. Inspired, Marcel began penning a novel which he thought would be his best work. He was unable to rest or sleep as he would spend entire days writing the novel. He wanted to get over his personal loss and so writing became a sort of do drugs for Marcel. This obsession resulted in a novel which focused on a protagonist who has a problem sleeping as he remembers waiting as a child for his mother to come to him in the morning. The story was obviously based on Marcels own feeling of depression caused due to his mothers loss. Upon finishing the novel, Marcel went to various publishers to have his book published but to no avail. Every publisher rejected his book stating that it was too morose and lacked substance. Tired of being rejected, he shifted his work to a substantially different project which also contained umpteen of the same themes and elements. In 1909, at the age of 38 he began work on another(prenominal) novel title la recherch du temps perdu. Marcel decided to divide the novel into several volumes and publishe d the first volume called Swanns Way in 1913. The first book focussed mainly on the theme of involuntary memory. After finishing the book, Marcel went to many publication houses to get his work published but was faced with rejection once again. He went to one of the most famous magazine companies in France at the time called New French Review (NRF). storied author Andre Gide was given the book to proof read to advise NRF on its publication. However, after going through a seemingly endless collection of depressing memories and melancholic episodes, Gide came across a few syntactic mistakes and decided to reject it. Not losing hope, Marcel managed to meet with another publisher called Grasset and eventually got his book published. The novel became a bestseller and it compelled Marcel to begin writing its respective sequels. While writing the second volume titled In the Shadow of Young Girls in Flower in 1913, Marcel faced a lot of problems due to the First World War. Marcels publishe r, Grasset closed(a) down his publication firm and joined the military. Marcel then decided to go to another publisher and got his novel published in 1914. The novel was much(prenominal) a huge success that Marcel was awarded the Prix Goncourt award in 1919 at the age of 48.FINAL YEARS In 1920, 49 years old Marcel developed a strange illness which could not be detected by most of the top doctors at the time. The sickness slowed down his work but Marcel continued to write the third and fourth book in the series titled The Guermantes Way and Sodom and Gomorrah. Marcel finished both the books by 1921 and managed to get them published a few weeks before his 50th birthday. Success followed Marcel like wildfire. His name was everywhere in the media and he had become a literary figure in the eyes of the French masses. Soon, other European countries got hold of his books and Marcel soon became an iconic figure in Literature all over the world. Marcels books were published in French, Engli sh, Italian and other languages. Even though success embraced Marcel in his 50s, he continued to live in misery and illness. Marcel cared less about fame and more about his contribution to French literature. He confided in his estranged brother Robert and told him to finish and publish his work if he were to die. Robert saw the condition Marcel was in and could not help but feel sorry for him. After all, Marcel was his brother and agreed to help him. Marcel spent the entire year of 1922 confined to his cork-lined bedroom. He slept during the day and worked at night to complete the fifth book in his series titled The Prisoner. On 18th November 1922, Marcel finally succumbed to this mysterious illness at the age of 51. He was buried by his brother in the Pre Lachaise Cemetary in Paris.TRIBUTE After Marcels death, the remaining volumes of his novel which he had written but not completely revised were published by his brother Robert. Robert took the help of Jacques Riviere and Jean Paul han who were the directors of New French Review. The books published were The Prisoner in the year 1923, The Fugitive in the year 1925 and while Regained in the year 1927. The merit of Marcels novel was that its brilliance was perceived as being one of the major literary works of the Western canon. known playwright and literary critic Graham Greene called Marcel the greatest novelist of the 20th century. Today the book is being read by billions all over the world. Famous publishing company Penguin undertook a fresh translation in 1995 based on the latest and authoritative French text. Marcels projection of snobbism, narcism and cruelty in his novels were a mere reflection of his own personal experiences. His insight into women and the love men have for women remain unimpaired. Today, Marcel is considered to be one of the greatest novelists of Romance. The entire climate of the 20th century was affected by his series of books which collectively came under the title of In Search of Lost Time. His books are considered to be supreme achievements of modern fiction. Marcels style is considered to be one of the most original in all literature bank date and is unique in its union of precision, force, enchantment classicism and symbolism. There is no doubt that Marcel Proust is and will always remain as one of the greatest legends in the field of literature the world has ever seen.

The Constant Gardener | Analysis

The unvaried Gardener AnalysisFernando Meirelless adaptation of John le carres 2001 original The Constant Gardener is a drama direct which is sure to agitate the world-wide audience around the world. The film was nominated for four Academy Awards, which includes Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Original Score, Best Film Editing, and Best financial support Actress for Rachel Weisz, which she won. The film had a budget of $25 million but it made a huge profit with gross r tied(p)ue of $82,466,670 proving to be a technical success among the audience around the world.StoryBased on the novel by John Le Carr, The Constant Gardener starts with a murder, as either good mystery film does. British diplomat Justin Quayle (Ralph Fiennes) assigned to capital of Kenya sees his world fall apart when his wife, activist Tessa Quayle (Rachel Weisz), is found brutally maimed in a remote discipline of Northern Kenya. His colleagues at the British High Commission, especially close friend Sandy (Da nny Huston), believe the usually easy departure Justin will quietly let them take care of the teaseuation. Up to this point in his life, Justin has done little but quietly does his melodious job, tend to his gardens, and tie an extraordinary wo part. Haunted by his past memories, and sceptical that his wife may have been unfaithful and cheating on him, Justin will no longer sit by submissively. He cannot accept what happened to Tessa, especially when he finds out that the government wants to sweep the whole thing under the rug. It seems Tessa was trying to discover somethingand was perhaps even on the verge of exposing a deadly pharmaceutical conspiracy. So, Quayle embarks on his accept investigation, risking his life to uncover the truth and whether he succeeds or stopped under his tracks year the chief draft of the film.ActingFiennes and Weisz are outstanding in this film. The Oscar winning actor Fiennes Playing Justin steals the show. He captures all the sad beauty of a man mourning for a woman he loved very much but who he withal realizes he didnt know all that well. Its almost as if in investigating Tessas murder, Justin finally sees what kind of woman his wife truly wasand falls in love with her all over again. You smell his pain and feel sorry for him. For her part, Weisz has certainly proven she is more than just a sweet face alarmed by disturbed mummies. She expertly portrays a determined loving activist driven to help these Kenyan race any way she can, even if it means sacrificing her own personal happiness and life. She in the end sacrifices her own life in order to find the truth and find justice for the Kenyan people. Weisz is radiant in every single shotwhich is rather an accomplishment considering that the actress was nine-spot months pregnant, sweaty and without incur-up in many another(prenominal) scenes. You often wonder how it is these two characters ever fell for each another(prenominal) to begin with, but thats the true tribu te to these mulct actors. In their capable hands, they make Justin and Tessas opposites-attract-but-modest love story unquestionable. Danny Huston is a peculiar choice to play Sandy, Justins devious colleague. He struggles with his fake British accent and a better choice of cast would have been a better choice for the character.DirectionWith The Constant Gardener, Brazilian director Fernando Meirelles proves his surprise Academy Award nominating speech for directing the scorching City of God wasnt a stroke of luck. The guy obviously knows what hes doing and he provides energetic direction nailing the audience glued to their seats. Meirelles hands us the horrible, heart wrenching plight of the African people, focusing on the hauntingly beautiful Kenya and lovingly detailing its colourful people. Scenes of Tessa walking through barely liveable shantytowns, as bright, seemingly happy children run around her while singing, leaves a very indelible impression. He zooms in on these two pe ople whose love is grade to the test because of the circumstances they find themselves in, while wrapping up the narrative in a compact murder mystery, which may or may also involve a conspiracy of global proportions. The Constant Gardener is much more than just a mystery. Its going to make you thinkand think hard.Trivia.The novel was originally banned in Kenya because it depicts corrupt Kenyan officials.. Ralph Fiennes held and operated the camera for Justins point of view in the film.. The filmmakers installed water tanks, a new bridge and a classroom in Kibera, the slum in which the film was shot. They also built a secondary school in the desert of northern Kenya where the final scenes were photographed.My verdictThe Constant Gardener is an elegant, absorbing, and tense mystery with rich performances from the leads. Despite an unhurried opening, the energetic direction by Fernando Meirelles and admirable lead performances by Ralph Fiennes and Rachel Weisz make this adapted film an exciting and suspenseful thriller4 broccolis out of 5COME BACK FOR LATERThe Constant gardener is primarily set in Kenya loilangalani and slums on Kibera a section of Nairobi, Kenya. It follows the lives of a shy low-rung British diplomat Justin Quayle (Ralph Fiennes) who is posted in Kenya and his beautiful young humanitarian activist Tessa (Rachel Weitz). Justin is satisfied to represent his country without inquiring his boss. when his wife Tessa and an African man (who he suspects Tessa to be cheating with) are found brutally raped and slay in a remote area in North Kenya, he did not believe the death reports that they were assaulted and harassed by bandits, and he begins to ask penetrating questions against the activities of the government, much to the astonishment of Sandy Woodrow (Danny Huston) and his other equals at the British high Commission located in Kenya. But as his inspections quickly lead him to an awry trail of blackmail, dishonesty, exploitation, political sca ndal and global conspiracy, he revives what he represents and what made him marry and find love for his wife in the first place forms and whether he avenges the death of his wife forms the chief outline in the filmFor most of the movie, which is an elegant style of flashbacks and foreshadowings, Tessa is dead, murdered in the Kenyan wilds, where she had travelled with a African doctor named Arnold Bluhm (Hubert Kound), who many in the Nairobi community assumed was her lover. In that gossipy world, Tessa was always something of a scandalous woman, pricking the fake civility of cocktail parties with impolite questions about money, authority, hardships and illness of the poor people in Kenya. She favours to spend her time usually in the company of Dr. Bluhm travelling through slums and communities, during her pregnancy, where she was kind of a good figure among the native villagers.After she gets murdered Justin sets out to find who caused the death of his wife and her companion and w hether he finds his solution forms the rest of the story.The actors have done a splendid job in my thought process Fiennes as the literal gardener Justin Quayle the perfect dashing and sensitive heartthrob learns how much he loves his wife and he wants to bring the big pharmacy corporation piling and bring dirty secrets out.Rachel Weisz is absolutely joyful as Tessa, a brilliant and determined social activist, unwavering in her pursuit to uncover the immoral interrogation methods practiced at the expense of indigent Kenyan citizens. Weisz is radiant in every single shotwhich is quite an accomplishment considering that the actress was nine months pregnant, sweaty and without make-up in many scenes.Danny Huston is a peculiar choice to play Sandy, Justins devious colleague. He struggles with his fake British accent and a better choice of cast would have been a better choice for the character.Despite an unhurried opening, the energetic direction by Fernando Meirelles and admirable le ad performances by Ralph Fiennes and Rachel Weisz make this adapted film an exciting and suspenseful thrillerMy verdictThe Constant Gardener is an elegant, absorbing, and suspenseful mystery with rich performances from the leads.Despite an unhurried opening, the energetic direction by Fernando Meirelles and admirable lead performances by Ralph Fiennes and Rachel Weisz make this adapted film an exciting and suspenseful thriller4 broccolis out of 5

Motivation of Self-determination Theory

Motivation of Self-determination TheorySummary of FindingsThis analyse explore the contrasting type of motivations of Self Determination Theory, and its three key needs ( competence, relatedness, autonomy) towards the favor sufficient networking play. Therefore, the seek question What motivates college students to play social networking punt? is explained according to the results of the study. It was found that although more than people play the crippled to top their leisure time, but the major needs for them is the competence as we pot see from the data collected, competence has the highest overall mean value. According to Ryan and Deci (2002) humans thrive to experience mastery and to get a sense of confidence. It is overly the search for optimal challenge that motivates people to remark their performance and to improve their skills so that they could reach another higher level. The need for competence is satisfied if an unmarried intuitive feelings masterful, effi cient, and confident towards the thing that they atomic frame 18 doing for example in playing the game. So from this study, we found that competence needs is the major reason that they engaged in the social networking game.In this study, we found that both needs competence and autonomy atomic number 18 partially related with each other as need of competence is satisfied if an individual feel masterful, efficient, and confident towards the thing that they ar doing and when he/she successfully reached the goal after overcoming many obstacles, the sense of competence allow for formed (Takatalo, 2010). This is similar to the characteristic of the needs of autonomy as it is alike mean that having a feeling of control over a particular performance and the way they argon performed.In Section A which is aimed to test the competence level of the players, we found that most respondent think that they are only guard least motivation if their localize in the game has been dropped. Whic h mean the rank in the game will not affect much of the engagement of the players in game. Not only that, we can see that rank is not a very significant element that why players engage in the game as they not necessary will continue to play the game in time if they successfully maintain in the high ranking in the leader board. However, most of the players are still feeling quite happy when they successfully fulfil their favourite position on the leader board in social networking game. As according to Sweetser and Wyeth (2005), positive feeling towards the game and sense of competence could be form when the players are feeling in control in the game, and thus, players are feeling happy when they completed the t want and reach their favourable rank. We can also see that most of the players are very enjoy in playing those social networking game. Social networking successfully runs the happiness for the players to engage in them. Although many college students will not be motivated to play the game when their ranking is dropped, but if once they reach their rank and successfully in high rank, they will feel more motivated to play.In Autonomy, from the study we can also see that most of the players rarely search for information before they play social networking game. They are also seldom spend the time to search for all the information or road map such as blog, cheats and many others in order to put on the games. This shows that they are barely play the game for their own sake with bulge out searching for the information. Peers play an important in influencing the people to play a particular social networking game. This can be proved by the results as more respondent are influenced by the friends to engage in the game. However, people do not spend much of their time to play social networking game in a day as they do not like to engage in the game for very long hour. Not only that, they also seldom send the help request to friends to outdo the difficult task . They might think that they are able to challenge the tasks by themselves in order to get the feeling of control over a particular game and this, they will feel autonomous. As mentioned by Ryan and Deci (2002), Autonomy is also nub that having a feeling of control over a particular performance and the way they are performed. In order for an individual to feel autonomous, an individual need to feel satisfied or accepted with the actions that they select to engage in. We can also see that from the statistic they are prefer the game that are more challenging in order to get the sense of autonomous. They do not like to play the game which is easy as it may lead to boredom.The need for relatedness is the need to feel meaningfully connected to important others (Ryan Deci, 2002). In our results, we can see that people are seldom interacting with their friends or gambol partner in social networking game. According to Rigby and Ryan (2011), an individuals sense of relatedness will be dim inished if he or she is feeling isolated or having the indifference by the others. In this case, the need of relatedness will be reduced as they do not often engaging with the other players. Besides, they also seldom play the game that related to their daily life as they think that it is not important element to decide whether they should play a particular game or not. Most of the respondents also do not learn certain life skill by playing those social networking game as they are only play the game for their own sake. By the way, they do feel that by playing the games, their friendship among each other will become closer. It means the social networking game provide a good platform for the people to stay closely to their relationship. Lastly, they will feel sense of accomplishment when their friend ask them do help in the game which able to make them happy.Implications of FindingsImplications of findings on this Self-Determination Theory and practice are discussed in this section.Imp lication of theoryThis study aimed to test the validity of the construct in the Self-Determination Theory especially with the three key needs on social networking gaming. This theory might be functional for questioner to develop the motivational theory base on the results that have done in this study. The three elements in Self-Determination Theory (autonomy, competence, relatedness) provide divers(prenominal) results to study different needs of college student on social networking gaming and thus, this theory provided a guideline for the researcher to further investigate. The three constructs in this theory might give the inspiration for the scholars to develop their new theory based on the constructs.Implication of practiceOur results can provide a guideline for the social networking gaming developer to create the game that can really motivate or engage those college students to play in. Based on the statistics with the result of three different needs (competence, autonomy, rel atedness) of Self Determination Theory, social networking developers are able to evaluate it and develop the game according to these so that they will produce an interesting game to the people. From this study, major need is competence as most of the people are motivated to play the game which is challenging so that they can challenge themselves to overcome the difficult tasks. So, future game developers are able to refer this direction to create the games which are good enough to motivate the people to engage in it.Limitations of StudyIn of progress of this research, a few limitations were found. The research method that we used is non-probability sampling method. Samples selected to participate in the research but the result of the research could not represent what other populations thought. Snowball sample is one type of non-probability sampling method, we used snowball sample in this research as we distributed our questionnaire to our peers who are engaging with the social netwo rking game and ask them to send the survey to their peers who are gamers too. In this case, the first person we distribute is important as he or she might influence others answer and influence the final result. This is because the first person has the strong impact on the sample. In the other words, snowball sampling might lead to bias in result and thus, it affects the overall statistics. Thus, this result could not be generalized.Suggestion for future researchOur study is based on the sample of college student collected in our country. In order to generalize the results, a future research should be carry out and adjust the model with different samples such as segmented by age or geography. This is to see whether the different age groups like children or adult have the similar motivations in social networking game or not.Motivation of college students on social networking game is an interesting topic to study as it is very large for researchers to discuss. But this aspect of rese arch was seldom done by the researchers because more of the researches are focusing on the impact that social networking game bring to the teenagers or college students. So, more future studies are needed to examine the relationship between the motivation and teenagers behaviour in order to figure out more significant and specific results. Local researchers needed to put more effort in studying this aspect, this is because there are a few number of researches have done the study about this kind of topic in other countries, but as the cultural background are different among the cultures, it is important to do a cross-culture student of social networking games so that we can determine the difference among cultures.Besides that, there are a rophy more theories that are suitable to use to study the motivation of people in engaging the game. Researchers are able to use different theories to study about the topic so that we will see different result which might be fresh in this industry. Self-Determination Theory is a broad theory which contains a lot of sub theories. These sub theories are also very useful in determining the motivations of the people towards the game. Perhaps a future research study can be done by using all these theories to get a new result and see whether the relationship of the theories that used in the study are functional or interesting or not. The examples of the mini theories under Self Determination Theory are Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Organismic Integration Theory, author Orientations Theory, Basic Psychological Needs Theory and many others.

Pacifisim vs. Realism Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive War Essays

Pacifisim vs. realityIn this paper I forget be analyzing and critiquing the theory of pacifism. This theory is the belief that contend is never an option beneath any circumstance. Even if a nation is being attacked a pacifist will believe that retaliating is morally wrong for a number of reasons. Such reasons foundation pacifism are supported by issues of morality and what the pacifist themselves feel to be morality. I will provide ternion telephone lines to the pacifist way of thinking.It is an inevitability that with struggle locomotes will be lost, but that also innocents not officially involved in a war will lose their lives. There is plain no way around the loss of innocent lives amidst war in this age of advanced weaponry, which is specifically designed to constitute the lives of many with just unitary use. The pacifist argues that the inevitable losses of innocent lives are unacceptable and therefore war is an unacceptable solution to a conflict. This is my campa igningner and most prominent argument for pacifism. Those in opposition of the theory of pacifism argue that the targets of all military operations are the enemy or those with curse intent, but history shows us through such events as the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II that innocents can be lost in massive amounts, which cold outweighs any possible sizeable done by such military operations. The fact of the matter is, innocents are lost during times of war and that alone should be enough reason to spring war unjustifiable. Robert Holmes put it best when he wrote, There must be a new conception of how to get on in the world, a acknowledgment that only the individual person is of ultimate value - not governments, not abstractions, not collectivities - and that if we do not cherish the life... ... many to overlook. We do not live in a John Lennon world. We can imagine it, but to make it reality is an impossibility and our stance on war should reflect this i mpossibility. A republic cannot survive alone on an optimistic look at things. Sometimes action is necessary. Sometimes the lives of many must be sacrificed to preserve a nation.Realism ensures safety through out the country. By keeping ourselves safe other countries may decide to follow our example and consequently world peace is spawned. though total world peace can never be reached due to the imperfect world we live in world can lead us closest to it because of its ignoring of morality. Trusting facts will produce a far more positive result in the long run than trusting feelings. Feelings can demoralize our judgments, but the realistic view helps us avoid that. It helps us ensure peace throughout the country. Pacifisim vs. Realism Essay -- disputative Persuasive War EssaysPacifisim vs. RealismIn this paper I will be analyzing and critiquing the theory of pacifism. This theory is the belief that war is never an option under any circumstance. Even if a nation i s being attacked a pacifist will believe that retaliating is morally wrong for a number of reasons. Such reasons behind pacifism are supported by issues of morality and what the pacifist themselves feel to be morality. I will provide three arguments to the pacifist way of thinking.It is an inevitability that with war lives will be lost, but that also innocents not officially involved in a war will lose their lives. There is simply no way around the loss of innocent lives amidst war in this age of advanced weaponry, which is specifically designed to take the lives of many with just one use. The pacifist argues that the inevitable losses of innocent lives are unacceptable and therefore war is an unacceptable solution to a conflict. This is my first and most prominent argument for pacifism. Those in opposition of the theory of pacifism argue that the targets of all military operations are the enemy or those with evil intent, but history shows us through such events as the bombings of H iroshima and Nagasaki during World War II that innocents can be lost in massive amounts, which far outweighs any possible good done by such military operations. The fact of the matter is, innocents are lost during times of war and that alone should be enough reason to make war unjustifiable. Robert Holmes put it best when he wrote, There must be a new conception of how to get along in the world, a recognition that only the individual person is of ultimate value - not governments, not abstractions, not collectivities - and that if we do not cherish the life... ... many to overlook. We do not live in a John Lennon world. We can imagine it, but to make it reality is an impossibility and our stance on war should reflect this impossibility. A country cannot survive alone on an optimistic look at things. Sometimes action is necessary. Sometimes the lives of many must be sacrificed to preserve a nation.Realism ensures safety through out the country. By keeping ourselves safe other countri es may decide to follow our example and thus world peace is spawned. Though total world peace can never be reached due to the imperfect world we live in realism can lead us closest to it because of its ignoring of morality. Trusting facts will produce a far more positive result in the long run than trusting feelings. Feelings can cloud our judgments, but the realistic view helps us avoid that. It helps us ensure peace throughout the country.

Fahrenheit 451 - A Structured and Censored World :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

Fahrenheit 451 - A Structured and Censored World   Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 forces us to envision a world that is so structured and censored discountman exist not to fight fires, for all buildings are fireproof, alone instead to veer books. Fahrenheit 451 is a horrific account of what could happen in an all too close future when society carries political correctness to its extreme. One of the chief(a) characters that one meets in Fahrenheit 451 is a young girl named Clarrise has been raised to live the way things once were, in a time where volume had original freedom Because of Clarrises view of life she is branded as anti-social by her teachers and an outcast by her fellow classmates. Clarrise becomes acquainted with an other main character named Guy Montag. Montag is a fireman who deep inside does not want to live a life without having to think. Montags inner thoughts become more and more a part of him as the book progresses. Montag eventually becomes a freedom fight er of sorts when he joins a group of people who illegally hide and read books. Montags wife Mildred on the other hand prefers not to have to think, but rather to allow others to think for her to simply say yes I agree. Mildred is the epitome of laziness.   The most complex of all the characters is the fire chief Beatty. Beatty is a man who once was educated but has now turned his back on education and works to destroy it. Beatty knows what is in books but chooses not to care, not to do anything but help the destruction of books. The loss of the characters freedom to read and to think was not an act that was forced on the people but, embraced by the people. The people loved the idea of not having to think anymore. The desire to confront issues was gradually disconnected by the people. Since the desire the desire to confront issues was lost people stopped doing anything that was so called politically incorrect so as to affend no one. After a while not confronting issues became s o natural that anyone who did was considered peerless and a threat.